- ACCESS
- Assembly Concept for Construction of Erectable Space Structures
- ACS
- Advanced Camera for Survey
- ACTS
- Advanced CommunicationsTechnology Satellite
- AEB
- Agência Espacial Brasileira (Brazilian Space Agency)
- AMU
- Astronaut Maneuvering Unit
- ASI
- Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (Italian Space Agency)
- ASTP
- Apollo-SoyuzTest Project
- ASTRO-SPAS
- Astronomical SPAS
- ATDA
- Augmented Target Docking Adapter
- ATLAS
- Atmospheric Laboratory for Applications and Science
- ATM
- ApolloTelescope Mount
- ATV
- Automated Transfer Vehicle
- AXAF
- Advanced X-ray Astronomy Facility (now Chandra)
- CANEX
- Canadian Experiment
- Cdr
- Commander
- CDT
- Central Daylight Time
- CETA
- Crew and Equipment Translation Aid
- CFES
- Continuous Flow Electrophoresis System
- CM
- Command Module; Combustion Module
- CNES
- Centre National d’Études Spatiales (French Space Agency)
- COCULT
- Coculture
- COSTAR
- Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement
- CRISTA-SPAS
- Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere-SPAS
- CSA
- Canadian Space Agency
- CSM
- Command and Service Module
- CUE
- Central Unit Electronics
- DARA
- Deutsche Agentur fur Raumfahrtangelegenheiten (German Space Agency)
- DOD
- Department of Defense
- DSP
- Defense Support Program
- DTO
- Development Test Objective
- DXS
- Diffuse X-Ray Spectrometer
- EAS
- Early Ammonia Servicer
- EASE
- Experimental Assembly of Structures in Extravehicular Activity
- ECUs
- Electronic Control Units
- EDO
- Extended Duration Orbiter
- EDT
- Eastern Daylight Time
- ERBS
- Earth Radiation Budget Satellite
- ESA
- European Space Agency
- ESC
- Electronic Still Camera
- ET
- External Tank
- EURECA
- European Retrievable Carrier
- EVA
- Extravehicular Activity
- FARE
- Fluid Acquisition and Resupply Equipment
- FGB
- Functional Cargo Block
- FOC
- Faint Object Camera
- FPP
- Floating Potential Probes
- GAS
- Get-Away Special
- GRO
- Gamma Ray Observatory
- HGA
- High-Gain Antenna
- HHSMU
- Hand-Held Self-Maneuvering Unit
- HOST
- Hubble Orbiting Systems Test
- HST
- Hubble Space Telescope
- IAE
- Inflatable Antenna Experiment
- IBSS
- Infrared Background Signature Satellite
- ICC
- Integrated Cargo Carrier
- IML
- International Microgravity Laboratory
- IRIS
- Italian Research Interim Stage
- ISAC
- Interaction of Structures, Aerodynamics, and Controls
- ISS
- International Space Station
- IUS
- Inertial Upper Stage
- JAXA
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency ( Japanese Space Agency, formerly NASDA)
- JPL
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory
- LAGEOS
- Laser Geodynamic Satellite
- LDEF
- Long Duration Exposure Facility
- LF
- Logistics Flight
- LITE
- Lidar In-Space Technology Experiment
- LM
- Lunar Module
- LMS
- Life and Microgravity Spacelab
- MBS
- Mobile Remote Service Base System
- MAHRSI
- Middle Atmosphere High Resolution Spectrograph Instrument
- MISSE
- Materials International Space Station Experiment
- MIT
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- MMU
- Manned Maneuvering Unit
- MPLM
- Multi-Purpose Logistics Module
- MS
- Mission Specialist
- MSL
- Microgravity Science Laboratory
- NASDA
- National Space and Development Agency ( Japanese Space Agency, now JAXA)
- NICMOS
- Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer
- NSAU
- National Space Agency of Ukraine
- OAST
- Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology
- OBSS
- Orbiter Boom Sensor System
- ODERACS
- Orbital Debris Radar Calibration System
- OMS
- Orbital Maneuvering System
- ORFEUS-SPAS
- Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrograph-SPAS
- OSS
- Office of Space Science
- OSTA
- Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications
- OV
- OrbitalVehicle
- P
- Port (i.e., Port 1, P6, etc.)
- PAL
- Protuberance Air Load
- PAM
- Payload Assist Module
- PC
- Payload Commander
- PLB
- Payload Bay
- PMA
- Pressurized Mating Adaptor
- PS
- Payload Specialist
- RCC
- Reinforced Carbon-Carbon
- RCS
- Reaction Control System
- RDM
- Research Double Module
- RMS
- Remote Manipulator System
- RSA
- Russian Space Agency
- RSC Energia
- Rocket & Space Corporation Energia, Russia
- RSUs
- Rate Sensor Units
- RWA
- Reaction Wheel Assembly
- S
- Starboard (i.e., S1 or Starboard 1 truss)
- S0
- Starboard-Zero Truss
- SA
- Solar Array
- SBS-C
- Satellite Business Systems C
- SAFER
- Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue
- SAMS
- Space Acceleration Measurement System
- SAREX
- Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment
- SDI
- Strategic Defense Initiative
- SESAM
- Surface Effects Sample Monitor
- SFU
- Space Flyer Unit
- SHARE
- Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator Element
- SLS
- Spacelab Life Sciences
- Solar Max
- Solar Maximum Mission
- SPARTAN
- Shuttle Pointed Autonomous Research Tool for Astronomy
- SPAS
- Shuttle Pallet Satellite
- SPS
- Service Propulsion System
- SRB
- Solid Rocket Booster
- SRL
- Space Radar Laboratory
- SRTM
- Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
- SSBUV
- Shuttle Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet
- SSME
- Space Shuttle Main Engine
- SSRMS
- Space Station Remote Manipulator System
- STIS
- Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph
- STS
- Space Transportation System
- TAS
- Technology Applications and Science
- TEAMS
- Technology Experiments for Advancing Mission in Space
- TDRS
- Tracking and Data Relay Satellites
- TMA
- Transportnyi (transport) Modifitsirovannyi (modified) Antropometricheskii (anthropometric)
- TOS
- Transfer Orbit Stage
- TSS
- Tethered Satellite System
- UARS
- Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite
- UF
- Utilization Flight
- UHF
- ultrahigh frequency
- ULF
- Utilization and Logistics Flight
- USML
- U.S. Microgravity Laboratory
- USMP
- U.S. Microgravity Payload
- WSF
- Wake Shield Facility
- X-SAR
- X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar
- Z1
- Zenith 1